Manual Overview

Belt Filter Press Operation Manual
Key conclusions: This manual strictly follows the 3-phase five-wire power supply configuration, manual/automatic dual-mode operation logic, fault handling methods such as out-of-position alarms, and inverter speed regulation rules in the links. It also adds core information such as equipment principles, classifications, and models to ensure compatibility with the understanding and operation requirements of the corresponding equipment models.

I. Core Equipment Overview

(I) Working Principle

Belt filter presses achieve solid-liquid separation through six stages: pretreatment, gravity dewatering, wedge pre-compression, pressing dewatering, unloading, and filter belt cleaning. The core logic is as follows:

Pretreatment stage : Sludge and flocculant (such as PAM) are mixed in the conditioning tank to form flocculent particles, which prepares for subsequent dewatering (corresponding to the "chemical level check" step in the operation).
Gravity dewatering stage : Flocculent sludge is evenly spread on a horizontal filter belt, and 60%-70% of free water is removed by gravity, reducing the sludge moisture content from 98% to about 85%.
Wedge pre-compression stage : The filter belt gradually narrows to form a wedge-shaped space, applying lateral progressive pressure to the sludge to prevent subsequent "sludge run-out" and make the sludge distribution more uniform;
Pressing and dewatering stage : The sludge enters the "S"-shaped roller group along the filter belt. Through the shearing force formed by the roller extrusion and filter belt tension, the bound water is removed, and the moisture content is finally reduced to 65%-80% (corresponding to the core link of "main unit operation" in the operation).
Unloading and cleaning stage : The dry mud cake is peeled off from the filter belt by its own weight or by a scraper. At the same time, the cleaning pump sprays high-pressure water (the default flushing water pressure is matched in the link) to remove residual mud in the filter belt pores and restore the water permeability of the filter belt.

(II) Equipment Classification

Based on core structure and functional characteristics, the mainstream classifications are as follows:

| Classification Dimensions | type | Core features | Adapted scenarios |
| ------------------------- | ---- | ------------- | ----------------- |
| 1. Pressing structure | S-shaped roller press | The rollers are arranged in an "S" shape, relying on filter belt tension and roller pressure, resulting in a simple structure and convenient maintenance. | The link provides information on compatible municipal/industrial conventional sludge treatment. |
| Horizontal pressing | The upper and lower filter belts move horizontally, while the vertical press plates apply pressure, adapting to high-viscosity sludge. | Special high-concentration industrial sludge (such as dyeing and papermaking sludge). |
| 2. Operating Mode | Manual control | The air compressor, main unit, and each pump body need to be turned on manually in sequence, and the parameters can be adjusted flexibly. | Equipment commissioning, small-batch sludge treatment, or troubleshooting |
| Automatic control | The air compressor, main unit, and each pump body start automatically according to preset logic (including delayed start), reducing manual intervention. | Continuous operation under normal conditions (corresponding to "Automatic Mode Operation" in the link) |
| 3. Tensioning method | Hydraulic tensioning type | The filter belt tension is adjusted by a hydraulic cylinder, ensuring stable pressure and high precision. | The link provides information on the core steps of pressing and dehydrating equipment. |
| pneumatic tensioning type | It relies on the air compressor pressure (as required by the "air compressor pressure meets the standard" requirement in the link) and has a fast response speed. | Assisted alignment and light-load pressing scenarios |

(III) Core Advantages

High efficiency in continuous operation : Compared with intermittent equipment such as plate and frame filter presses, it can achieve continuous feeding, dewatering and unloading, increasing the throughput per unit time by more than 30%;
High degree of automation and adaptability : Supports manual/automatic dual-mode switching (fully matches the linked operation logic). In automatic mode, it can realize "one-click start/stop + anomaly protection" to reduce manual labor.
Easy troubleshooting : For common problems such as "misalignment alarm", there is a clear procedure for adjusting the correction rod + forcing button (linking to the core troubleshooting method), without the need for complicated disassembly;
Flexible speed control : The main unit, thickener, sludge pump, and dosing pump are all equipped with independent frequency converters (linked to key components), which can flexibly adjust the speed according to the sludge concentration to ensure the dewatering effect;
Relatively low energy consumption : The main energy consumption is concentrated in the air compressor and main motor, with no additional high-energy-consuming components. The energy consumption per unit of sludge treatment is lower than that of centrifugal dewatering machines.

(Iv) Scope of application

| Application areas | Processing objects | Treatment effect (moisture content) | Adapted operating mode |
| ----------------- | ------------------ | ----------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| Municipal wastewater treatment | Primary sludge, activated sludge, and digested sludge from domestic sewage | 70%-80% | Automatic mode (normal operation) |
| Industrial wastewater treatment | Sludge from printing and dyeing, papermaking, electroplating, and food processing | 65%-75% | Manual/automatic switching (adjustable based on sludge concentration) |
| Mining sector | Coal mine sludge, metal mine tailings sludge | 75%-85% | Automatic mode (continuous feeding) |
| agricultural sector | Livestock and poultry breeding wastewater sludge, agricultural product processing sludge | 70%-80% | Automatic mode (low human intervention) |

II. Preparations before operation

Power supply verification: Confirm that a 3-phase five-wire power supply is connected, there is no missing phase, and it is correctly connected to the control box (consistent with the "compatible power supply" in the model parameters).
Equipment inspection: Clean foreign objects from inside the machine to avoid damage to mechanical parts during operation; ensure that the prepared medicine level is at a reasonable position (matching the requirements of the "pretreatment stage" in the matching principle).
Environment and protection: Clear debris around the equipment and leave unobstructed operating space; operators should wear gloves and other personal protective equipment.

III. Power-on Operation

(a) Basic startup steps

Turn on the main switch, turn the "Emergency Stop" knob to the "Control Power" knob to the "On" position, and observe that the "Power Indicator" light on the panel illuminates.
Distinguish between manual and automatic modes, and select the corresponding operation method according to your needs (match the "Operation Mode" feature in the category).

(b) Manual mode operation

First, turn the "air compressor" knob to the "on" position. After the air compressor pressure reaches the standard, manually turn on the "main unit", "conditioning tank", "concentrator", "cleaning pump", "sludge pump" and "dosing pump" (following the logic of "air source first, then power").
If an "abnormal position alarm" occurs, first adjust the position of the correction valve's correction rod, then press the "force" button to keep the belt running until the alarm disappears (link to core fault handling process).
Even when connected to an external air source, you still need to turn on the "air compressor" knob in manual mode.
The mixer can be controlled independently, and can be started or stopped directly in both manual and automatic modes.

(c) Automatic Mode Operation

Turn the "Manual/Automatic" knob to the automatic position, and the "Air Compressor" will start running automatically, with the corresponding indicator light illuminating.
After the pressure rises to the point where the pressure switch is activated, the "main unit", "conditioning tank", "thinner" and "cleaning pump" will start automatically. After a delay, the dosing pump and sludge pump will start in sequence (matching the "pretreatment-pressing" process sequence in the matching principle).
If an external air source is used, in automatic mode there is no need to wait for the air compressor pressure; the main unit, conditioning tank, concentrator, and cleaning pump will start automatically. After a delay, the dosing pump and sludge pump will start.

IV. Monitoring and Adjustment During Operation

Speed control operation: The main unit, thickener, sludge pump, and dosing pump are all equipped with corresponding frequency converters (core configuration in the model parameters). Rotating the knob on the frequency converter panel can adjust the motor output speed (increase or decrease). Sudden speed changes should be avoided to prevent excessive load on the equipment.
Status monitoring: Observe the operating sound of the equipment and the operation of the components, and pay special attention to whether the filter belt runs smoothly and without any risk of displacement (corresponding to the "displacement alarm" prevention); at the same time, observe the sludge dewatering effect. If the sludge cake is too thin, the filter belt speed can be reduced, and if it is too thick, the speed can be increased.
Liquid level monitoring: If the dosing or sludge level is too low, the system will automatically stop the dosing pump and sludge pump (matching the "pretreatment-feeding" collaborative logic in the matching principle), and materials need to be replenished in time.

V. Shutdown Operation

Automatic shutdown: When switching from automatic mode to stop mode, the system first stops the dosing pump and sludge pump (cutting off the feed and chemicals), and then stops the main unit, conditioning tank, thickener and flushing pump after a delay (to ensure that the filter belt is clean).
Fault shutdown: If an overload fault occurs, the system will shut down immediately. Problems such as motor load and roller jamming need to be checked before restarting.
Final steps: After stopping the machine, turn off the main power, tighten the "emergency stop" knob, and clean out any remaining materials inside the equipment (to prevent residual sludge from clumping and affecting the next operation).

VI. Safety Precautions

The power supply must meet the requirements of a 3-phase five-wire system. Operation with a missing phase is strictly prohibited to avoid circuit failure (consistent with the "compatible power supply" in the model parameters).
Do not touch rotating parts (such as filter belts and rollers) and electrical control boxes while the equipment is running to prevent mechanical injury or electric shock.
When dealing with "abnormal position alarm" or performing maintenance, the machine must be stopped and the power supply disconnected before proceeding with any operation.
Inverter adjustments should be performed slowly to avoid sudden speed changes that could overload the equipment (protecting core components such as "main unit power" in the model).

This section provides comprehensive documentation for all products in the Belt Filter Press category. Please select a specific product below to view its detailed manual.